The official limit is 20 kg for adults and 10 kg for children, with each item at most 130 cm on C, D and G trains, though bags are rarely weighed[1]. For a family with one big suitcase each, the size and the lifting matter more than the scale.
It is natural to worry, especially if grandparents are bringing gifts and medicine. A little planning makes boarding easy.
What does the rule really mean?
Think of it as a guide to what one person can carry onto a train and lift alone. A bag that you cannot lift onto a rack is a problem even if no one weighs it.
Pack so each person handles their own bag. Parents should not be the only ones strong enough to lift anything.
How does the seat change what fits?
Space on board is shared. Second class has compact seats arranged 2+3 across the car[2], while first class has larger seats arranged 2+2 with more legroom[3]. A bigger seat does not make the rack bigger, but it gives you more room for a small bag at your feet.
Our seat classes guide compares them in detail. If you are carrying a lot, choose a seat near the end of the car, where bags can sit in the open space.
What goes where?
| Item | Where it goes | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Passport, tickets, phone | In your hand or pocket | You need the passport to board |
| Medicine, water, snacks | Small bag at your seat | You want them within reach |
| One medium suitcase | Rack or end-of-car space | Light enough for one person to lift |
| Extra large cases | Send ahead or leave in storage | They block the aisle and the rack |
If you are still carrying more than the table suggests, read about sending luggage ahead or leaving bags in storage.
What about security and boarding?
Expect X-ray bag checks at station entrances, and arrive 30 to 40 minutes before departure at major stations[4]. Bags that are easy to open make the check faster. You also need your passport to pass the platform gates[5].
Read the station security guide for the order of the steps. If you are carrying small children’s gear, our stroller and kids guide covers it.
What about flights in the same trip?
Flights have their own rules, set by the airline and the fare. Pack to the smaller of the two limits, so one bag works on both. The domestic baggage guide shows where to read your own allowance.
What should you do next?
Count your bags, check that each person can lift their own, and decide which ones stay at the hotel or travel by courier. The getting around topic page links the rest of the steps.